In a recent
analysis published in the Journal
of Urology, urologists at the University
of Iowa, including Kenneth Nepple, MD, 2016 Learning
Collaborative participant, evaluated available
literature to understand the prevalence and impact of
malnutrition on surgical patients, particularly those
with bladder cancer, and the implications for
urologists. After reviewing 20 studies targeting at-risk
surgical patients, intensive care unit patients, and the
geriatric population, they determined malnutrition was
prevalent in a weighted average of 41.7% of patients.
While poor nutritional
status leading to loss of muscle can have an adverse
impact on length of hospitalization, complications, and
survival, current malnutrition assessment tools have not
been evaluated in the urological literature. Dr. Nepple
and team highlighted that proper nutrition screening and
monitoring are critical for bladder cancer patients
undergoing cystectomy since this patient population is
subject to multiple treatments that could affect
nutrition status during a long period of therapy. They
concluded that better tools are necessary to support the
identification and management of malnutrition in these
patients to improve surgical outcomes and reduce
complications.
Relatedly, surgery
preparedness is becoming a greater focal point in care,
particularly with older patients. Duke University Medical
Center, University of California San Francisco
Medical Center, and Michigan Medicine have recently
partnered to implement an innovative initiative to encourage senior
patients to get in better shape—including improved
nutritional intake—prior to surgery. Doctors at
these hospitals have begun prescribing older
patients exercise, recommending healthy foods to
incorporate into their diets, and working to
minimize any anxiety and stress in the weeks leading
up to surgery. This new model provides older
patients with a greater understanding of what to
expect before, during, and after their surgery. Dr.
Michael Englesbe, professor of surgery at Michigan
Medicine and previous MQii
Dialogue attendee, notes that
having this knowledge prior to surgery empowers
older patients to ask questions, voice hesitations,
and take proper prepatory steps
before a procedure. MQii Learning
Collaborative participants can look to partner with
surgical leaders and/or incorporate models such as these
into their malnutrition quality improvement efforts to
ensure optimal care and potentially better outcomes for
their surgical patients who are malnourished or at-risk
for malnutrition.